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Description:
This is a two part infrared remote controller circuit that consists of a
transmitter and a receiver circuit pair. When you push the button on
the 9V supplied transmitter circuit, a signal at 38kHz frequency is
applied on the Infrared (IR) LED. As a result of the current passing
through the IR LED, it illuminates the surround with infrared light.
By using the 1k potentiometer, oscillator frequency should be adjusted
to 38kHz to operate the circuit properly.
The illuminated infrared light is detected by the IR receiver module.
Generally IR modules has three pins and in our project we used the
product of Telefunken, TK19 module. Instead of TK19, as an option you can use the SFH506 which is a product of Siemens or any other module for this purpose.
When the IR light touches the receiver, the third pin of the module sees
logic-0 (low). Other case it is in the logic-1(high) position. So
controlling the third pin gives us the information whether the button
on the transmitter is pushed or not.
The J-K type flip flop in the receiver circuit controls the relay. When
the button is pushed, relay gets in the position closed which was in
open position before. So the device gets connected to the mains and
starts operating. After second push, relay gets in position open and
cuts the device energy...
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Description:
Ultrasonic
oscillations which are generated by unmodulated ultrasonic transmitters
commonly for remote control are usually affected from other ultrasonic
sources in the media and that's why we are giving a 500Hz modulated
ultrasonic transmitter circuit here.
Voltage supply of the
circuit is 9 Volts and any change of the value will change the
frequency also. You can omit this difference by connecting a resistor
between A and B nodes. You can find the value of the resistor by using
this formula:
R = (Vsupply - 7V) / O.6 Kohm where Vsupply is the new supply voltage value.
The
multivibrator generates 500Hz modulation frequency. To avoid the
frequency differences , tolerance of the circuit should not exceed %5.
If the circuit components changed, then the frequency can be determined by using the formula below,
f = (1.44 x 1000) / (C2 x R3 x C3 x R2)
If C1 and C3 are nanofarads then R2 and R3 will be magaohms.
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Description:
When I set out to design this amplifier, my aim was to create a product
most suitable for the reproduction of complex music and speech signals.
Although I placed high emphasis on electrical characteristics, the
single most important requirement is achieving an audibly superior
sound, vivid spatial imaging and superb tonal clarity.
Although the average listening level is normally less than 10 watts,
my design approach was to create an amplifier with ample reserve power,
but biasing it for class A at average listening levels reducing
cross-over distortion to extremely low levels.
There is not one capacitor in the signal path, improved the accuracy
of the tonal characteristics of instruments and voices significantly.
The RAS 300 has almost zero phase distortion far beyond the audio range
resulting in perfect resolution and totally un-coloured sound.
Amplifier Specification:
Maximum Output: 240 watts rms into 8 Ohms, 380 watts rms into 4 Ohms
Audio Frequency Linearity: 20 Hz - 20 kHz (+0, -0.2 dB)
Closed Loop Gain: 32 dB
Hum and Noise: -90 dB (input short circuit)
Output Offset Voltage: Less than 13 mV (input short circuit)
Phase Linearity: Less than 13 0 (10 Hz - 20 kHz)
Harmonic Distortion: Less than 0.007% at rated power
IM Distortion: Less than .009% at maximum power
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